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Ludmila Bîrcă

Privacy Policy

Last updated: 6 September 2026Version in force since: 6 September 2026

This policy explains what personal data the Law Office of Attorney Ludmila Bîrcă processes when you visit avocata.md or write to us through the contact form, for what purposes, on what legal basis, how long we keep it, to whom we disclose it and what rights you have. It is drafted in application of Law no. 195/2024 on personal data protection, in force since 23 August 2026, which replaced Law no. 133/2011 and which transposes into the law of the Republic of Moldova the standards of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (GDPR).

We also address Moldovan citizens settled in the European Union and in the United Kingdom, through the pages dedicated to the diaspora. For these persons we additionally apply the standard of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, to the extent that it is applicable to them.

We wrote this text to be read, not merely to be published. If anything is unclear, ask us — we reply to the same address at which you receive the rest of your correspondence.

Identification details of the controller

Controller
Law Office of Attorney Ludmila Bîrcă
Form of organisation
Law office (individual practice) — a form of practising the profession of advocate, under Law no. 1260/2002 on the profession of advocate
Principal attorney
Ludmila Bîrcă
Attorney's licence
no. 2831 of 20 May 2015, issued by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Moldova
Bar
Union of Advocates of the Republic of Moldova — the licence can be verified in the public list of advocates
Office
Str. Teilor 6, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova
Data protection contact
ludmila@avocata.md — requests concerning personal data, with the words “personal data” in the subject line

1. Who the controller is and what that means

The “controller” is the person who decides why and how your data is processed. For the data collected through this website, the controller is the Law Office of Attorney Ludmila Bîrcă, with the identification details indicated above.

The office is an individual form of practising the profession of advocate. It has no employees who process your data: correspondence received through the website is read by attorney Ludmila Bîrcă.

We have not designated a data protection officer. Law no. 195/2024 (art. 37) requires such a designation only for public authorities and for controllers whose core activity consists of the large-scale systematic monitoring of individuals or of the large-scale processing of special categories of personal data. An individual law office falls into neither of these situations. We have documented this analysis internally and will reassess it if the activity of the office changes. Requests concerning data are addressed directly to the attorney, at the e-mail address above.

2. What data we process and where it comes from

We do not buy contact lists and we do not collect data about you from other sources. All the data we hold comes either directly from you or from the technical operation of the website.

  • The data you send us through the contact form: your name, e-mail address, telephone number, the content of your message and the language in which you wrote.
  • Confirmation of consent: the fact that you ticked the box in the form, the exact wording of the statement you ticked, and the date and time of submission. We keep these because the law requires us to be able to demonstrate that we obtained consent (art. 7(1) of Law no. 195/2024).
  • The data you send us through the other channels: e-mail, telephone, WhatsApp or Viber — your number, your display name and the content of the communication.
  • Technical data generated automatically: the IP address (stored only in masked form), the date and time of the request, the page requested, the response code and the browser type, in the web server logs.
  • The preferences saved in your browser: the visual theme you chose (light/dark) and a counter of form submissions. These remain on your device and never reach us — details in the Cookie Policy.

The website has no user accounts, sells nothing online and processes no payments. We do not ask you for identity data, banking details or documents at this stage.

Are you obliged to give us this data?

No. No law and no contract obliges you to fill in the form. Your name, e-mail, telephone and the description of the situation are nevertheless necessary in order for us to be able to reply to you: without a means of contact and without knowing what the matter is about, we cannot check for a conflict of interests and we cannot tell you whether we can help. The only consequence of not providing them is that we will not be able to act on your request through this channel — you can call us at any time.

Identity data as such (identity document, personal identification number — IDNP) becomes necessary only later, when the legal services agreement is concluded, and only where the law obliges us to identify you.

3. Purposes, legal bases and retention periods

Every processing operation we carry out has a determined purpose and a legal basis from among those laid down in art. 6 of Law no. 195/2024. The table below sets out all of them — we do not process data for purposes other than those listed here.

What we doWhyLegal basisHow long we keep it
We receive and analyse the message sent through the contact form or by e-mail; we check whether there is a conflict of interests; we reply to youSo that we can decide whether and how we can assist you and give you an answerArt. 6(1)(b) — pre-contractual steps taken at your request12 months from the last communication, if no legal services agreement is concluded
We process the sensitive information you choose to include in your message (for example about health, a criminal charge, family life)So that we understand the legal situation you describe to usArt. 9(2)(a) — your explicit consent, given by ticking the box in the form; after the case is taken on, art. 9(2)(f) — the establishment, exercise or defence of a right in administrative, judicial or extrajudicial proceedingsThe same period as above; we erase it immediately at your request, if we have not taken the case on
We process information concerning a charge, a criminal investigation or a conviction, where you describe such a situation to usSo that we can defend you — this is the very subject of the assistance you are seekingArt. 10 — processing authorised by the legislation that provides appropriate safeguards, namely Law no. 1260/2002 on the profession of advocate, which governs the practice of the profession and imposes professional secrecy on the attorney. Consent cannot, in itself, be a basis for this category of dataThe same period as for enquiries without follow-up; within a case taken on, for the duration of the mandate and the subsequent statutory periods
We perform the legal services agreement, if we conclude oneSo that we can represent youArt. 6(1)(b) — performance of the contract; art. 9(2)(f) for the sensitive data in the fileFor the duration of the mandate and, thereafter, for the periods required by professional, accounting, tax and anti-money-laundering legislation
We comply with the legal obligations incumbent on us as an attorney (accounting and tax records, client identification under Law no. 308/2017 for the operations falling within its scope)Because the law obliges us toArt. 6(1)(c) — legal obligationThe periods laid down by that legislation; they prevail over a request for erasure
We protect the website against abuse: we limit the number of form submissions from a single network, we filter automated messages and we keep access logs with the IP address maskedSo that the form remains functional and your correspondence reaches usArt. 6(1)(f) — the legitimate interests of the office in securing its means of communicationThe per-network counter: 60 seconds, in the server's memory only. Access logs: a maximum of 30 days

Why 12 months for enquiries without follow-up

It is the period we need in practice: many people come back after a few months with the same problem, and keeping the earlier message allows us to check whether a conflict of interests with an opposing party has arisen in the meantime. Beyond that period the information is no longer useful to us and we erase it.

You can ask for erasure earlier, at any time, and if we have not taken the case on we will do so without asking you for reasons.

What we do not do

  • We do not send you newsletters or marketing messages and we do not use your address for any purpose other than replying to you.
  • We do not sell, rent out or exchange data with anyone.
  • We do not take automated decisions with legal effects concerning you and we do not create profiles (art. 22 of Law no. 195/2024).
  • We do not track your behaviour across websites and we do not use advertising tools.

4. The sensitive data in your message

The form has a free-text field for describing your situation. By the nature of things, what you write there may contain data that the law treats with heightened protection: information about health, about family life, about your beliefs, or information relating to a criminal charge or conviction (art. 9 and art. 10 of Law no. 195/2024).

We do not ask you for such data and the form has no fields dedicated to it. We process it only if you choose to include it, on the basis of your explicit consent, given by ticking the box before submission. If we take the case on, the basis becomes that under art. 9(2)(f) — the establishment, exercise or defence of a right in administrative, judicial or extrajudicial proceedings before the courts.

We recommend that you describe the situation briefly and that you do not attach or transcribe documents in your first message. A web form is suited to making contact, not to transmitting a case file. We discuss the details and the documents in a consultation or through a channel agreed between us, after the conflict-of-interests check.

5. The attorney's professional secrecy

Independently of data protection legislation, any information you communicate to us in connection with a legal matter is covered by the attorney's professional secrecy, guaranteed by Law no. 1260/2002 on the profession of advocate and by the Code of Ethics of the advocate. The secrecy applies even where the attorney-client relationship does not come about: the fact that you wrote to us, and what you wrote to us, remain confidential.

The protection goes further than you might expect: when the Centrul Național pentru Protecția Datelor cu Caracter Personal (National Centre for Personal Data Protection) requests documents in the course of an investigation, the law allows it to set aside banking, commercial, tax or medical confidentiality, but expressly excepts the attorney's professional secrecy laid down in art. 55 of Law no. 1260/2002 (art. 82(1) of Law no. 195/2024). Not even the supervisory authority can compel us to disclose what you have told us.

In practice, professional secrecy operates as an additional protection in your favour. It may, however, also limit the exercise of other persons' rights: if a third party asks us for access to their data appearing in a client's file, we are bound to refuse, to the extent that disclosure would breach professional secrecy (see art. 23 of Law no. 195/2024, on restrictions).

6. Who your data reaches

The data is not disclosed publicly and is not passed on to other attorneys or firms. It reaches only the technical providers we need in order for the website and the e-mail to work, in their capacity as processors (art. 28 of Law no. 195/2024), and, where the law requires it, the authorities.

ProviderWhat it does for usWhat data it seesWhere it processes
Hetzner Online GmbHHosts the server on which the website runs and the component that receives the formAll the data submitted through the form, in transit; the server logsGermany (European Union)
Resend, Inc.Delivers by e-mail the message sent from the formThe name, e-mail, telephone and content of the messageUnited States of America, with processing in the European Union region (Ireland)
Google Ireland Ltd. / Google LLCHosts the mailbox in which we receive the messagesThe content of the correspondenceEuropean Union and United States of America
Cloudflare, Inc.Anti-bot verification of the form — active only if configured; as at the date of this version it is not activeThe IP address and technical signals from the browser, at the moment of verificationUnited States of America

Authorities and third parties

We may disclose data where a legal obligation or a court decision requires it — for example to the courts, to criminal investigation bodies or to the tax authorities — but only within the limits of the lawful request and in compliance with the attorney's professional secrecy, which is itself protected by law.

Within a case taken on, we may pass data to courts, bailiffs, notaries, experts or the competent authorities, strictly to the extent necessary for representing you and on the basis of the mandate granted.

7. Transfers outside the Republic of Moldova

The providers listed above process data either in the European Economic Area or in the United States. The two situations are governed differently, so we treat them separately.

Transfers within the European Economic Area are not, in law, transfers at all. Art. 44(2) of Law no. 195/2024 expressly provides that the chapter on transfers “does not apply to transfers of personal data to member states of the European Economic Area” and that “no special authorisations are required for such transfers”. Our server (Hetzner, Germany) and the region in which Resend processes the messages (Ireland) fall into this category: no special mechanism is needed.

For the United States, Chapter V (arts. 44–49) applies in full. This concerns Resend, Inc. and Google LLC, and also Cloudflare, Inc. if the anti-bot check were enabled. The law obliges us to tell you explicitly whether or not there is a decision of the Centrul Național pentru Protecția Datelor cu Caracter Personal on the adequacy of the level of protection (art. 13(1)(f)). As at the date of this version, we are not aware of any such decision being in force for the United States. These transfers are therefore based on the appropriate safeguards provided for in art. 46 — principally the standard contractual clauses contained in the data processing agreements concluded with those providers. You can obtain a copy of those safeguards by writing to us at the contact address.

If your case requires steps in another country — a frequent situation for clients in the diaspora — the necessary data may be sent to the authorities, courts or correspondents of that country, strictly to the extent required by the mandate and with your prior agreement. Such disclosures rely, as applicable, on the derogations in art. 49, including the one covering the establishment, exercise or defence of a right.

8. How we protect the data

The measures below are those we actually apply, not a list of intentions (art. 32 of Law no. 195/2024).

  • The entire website is served exclusively over HTTPS, with mandatory redirection and HSTS; the content submitted through the form is encrypted in transit.
  • The form is submitted to a component hosted on our own server, not to a third-party form service; the message is not stored in a database, but sent by e-mail and then kept exclusively in the attorney's mailbox.
  • The IP addresses used for limiting abuse are retained only as a cryptographic fingerprint, for 60 seconds, in the server's memory; in the access logs the IP address is masked.
  • The website applies a strict content security policy (CSP), a prohibition on framing within other websites, and restrictions on access to the camera, microphone and location.
  • Access to the mailbox is protected by two-step authentication.
  • We do not use advertising networks, embedded social buttons or other third-party scripts that could observe your visit.
  • We keep in writing the records of processing activities required by art. 30 of Law no. 195/2024 — the exemption for organisations with fewer than 250 employees does not apply to us, because our processing is not occasional and it involves special categories of personal data. The records are made available to the Centre on request.

9. Security incidents

If a personal data breach occurs that is likely to affect your rights, we notify it to the Centre within 72 hours at the latest from the moment we become aware of it, in accordance with art. 33 of Law no. 195/2024. If the risk to you is high, we also inform you, directly and without undue delay (art. 34).

We have a written procedure for such situations, which establishes who identifies the incident, what is recorded and within what period.

10. Your rights

In relation to the data we process, you have the following rights, laid down in art. 15–22 of Law no. 195/2024:

  • The right of access (art. 15) — to find out whether we process data about you, what that data is, and to receive a copy.
  • The right to rectification (art. 16) — to correct inaccurate data or to complete incomplete data.
  • The right to erasure, the “right to be forgotten” (art. 17) — to obtain the erasure of the data where we no longer have a legitimate reason to keep it.
  • The right to restriction of processing (art. 18) — to ask us to “freeze” the processing, for example while we verify a challenge to the accuracy of the data.
  • The right to data portability (art. 20) — to receive the data you provided to us, in a structured, machine-readable format.
  • The right to object (art. 21) — to object to processing based on our legitimate interests.
  • The right not to be subject to an automated decision (art. 22) — we do not take such decisions, so in our case this right has no practical object.
  • The right to withdraw consent, at any time and as easily as you gave it, without this affecting the lawfulness of the processing carried out before the withdrawal (art. 7(3)).

When rights may be limited

These rights are not absolute, and their limits are set by the law, not by us. They cannot be exercised where another law obliges us to keep the data (accounting and tax records, obligations in the field of anti-money-laundering), where the data is necessary for the establishment, exercise or defence of a right in administrative, judicial or extrajudicial proceedings (art. 17(3)(e), art. 18, art. 21), or where disclosure would breach the attorney's professional secrecy owed to another person — a situation covered by the restrictions laid down in art. 23 of Law no. 195/2024.

If we restrict a right, we explain the concrete reason to you, not merely the legal basis.

11. How you exercise your rights

Send a request to ludmila@avocata.md, with the words “personal data” in the subject line, or in writing to the office address indicated above. No particular form is required — it is enough to tell us clearly what you want.

  • Time limit: we reply without undue delay and within one month at the latest of receiving the request. If the request is complex or we have several requests in parallel, the period may be extended by a maximum of two months, in which case we inform you within the first month of the extension and of the reasons for it (art. 12(3)).
  • If we do not act on the request: we communicate the reasons to you, likewise within one month, together with the possibility of lodging a complaint with the Centre and of applying to the courts (art. 12(4)).
  • Cost: the reply is free of charge. Only for manifestly unfounded or excessive requests, in particular repetitive ones, may we charge a reasonable fee based on administrative costs or refuse with reasons; in that case, the burden of demonstrating the manifestly unfounded or excessive character lies with us (art. 12(5)).
  • Identification: if we have reasonable doubts as to the identity of the person making the request, we may ask you for additional information to confirm your identity — strictly as much as is necessary, so that we do not communicate someone else's data (art. 12(6)).
  • What helps us: tell us which right you are exercising, from which e-mail address or telephone number you wrote to us and, if you know, approximately when.

12. If you are not satisfied

Write to us first — most situations are resolved directly and quickly. Independently of that, you have the right to lodge a complaint with the supervisory authority:

Supervisory authorityContact details
Centrul Național pentru Protecția Datelor cu Caracter Personal (CNPDCP)MD-2004, Chișinău, str. Serghei Lazo nr. 48, Republic of Moldova · tel. +373 22 820 801 · centru@datepersonale.md · datepersonale.md

Other avenues

  • You also have the right to apply to the competent courts of the Republic of Moldova.
  • For matters relating to the professional conduct of the attorney, jurisdiction lies with the Union of Advocates of the Republic of Moldova.
  • If you live in the European Union, you may also apply to the data protection authority of your country of residence, to the extent that it has jurisdiction.

14. Children's data

The website is addressed to adults. We do not intentionally collect data from children through the contact form and we do not offer information society services directed at children.

For reference: in the Republic of Moldova, a child's consent for information society services is valid from the age of 14; below that age, the consent of the legal representative is required (art. 8 of Law no. 195/2024).

Within a case we may process data concerning children — for example in a family matter — but such data is communicated to us by the parent, by the legal representative or by the competent authority, within the mandate, not through this website.

15. Changes to this policy

We update this policy whenever the way in which we process data or the applicable legal framework changes. The date of the last update is displayed at the top of the page, and previous versions can be requested at the contact address.

If a change significantly affects your rights, we flag it visibly on the website before it becomes applicable.

This policy describes the processing carried out through the avocata.md website. The processing carried out within a case taken on is set out in further detail in the legal services agreement and in the information notice provided at the start of the engagement.

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